2008
Journal Article
Culture and Social History › Ideology and Social Ethos
王家英、尹寶珊。（2008）。香港人的後物質主義觀與政治取向：發展和變化。《香港社會科學學報》，第34期，頁1–25。Wong, T. K. Y., & Wan, P. S. (2008). Post-materialism and political orientations of Hong Kong people: Development and change. Hong Kong Journal of Social Sciences, 34, 1–25. (In Chinese)
Hong Kong Political Orientations Post-materialism
本文利用香港兩項不同時期進行的社會調查資料，從個人的層面檢視香港社會是否已逐漸浮現後物質主義，並探討後物質主義理論在此華人社會的適用程度。調查數據發現，一如後物質主義理論所推論，香港社會和經濟的持續發展，確實孕育出愈來愈多具後物質主義價值傾向的民眾；而屬物質主義型的民眾，則有所減少。雖然如此，由於2007年的調查顯示屬後物質主義型的民眾仍遠少於屬物質主義型的民眾，在社會價值上仍處於量變的階段，還稱不上「典範轉移」。與此同時，對於後物質主義理論的其他重要推論，我們的研究結果有同亦有異。首先，儘管雙變項分析顯示年輕世代比年長者較多地傾向後物質主義，但在多變項迴歸分析中，這樣的關係卻未達統計顯著水平。此外，無論在雙變項分析或多變項迴歸分析中，15歲時的主觀社會階層認同都未與物質/後物質主義傾向呈顯著的關係，說明香港的經驗同樣未能證實後物質主義理論的社會化假設。其次，雙變項分析和多變項迴歸分析均證實，無論是1992年還是 2007年的調查，物質/後物質主義與「新政治」認同和民主態度均存在不同程度的顯著關係，這種關係的性質亦一如後物質主義的推論，即相對於物質主義者，後物質主義者對「新政治」和民主政治有較高的認同。不過，就香港的經驗而言，後物質主義者對民主政治的認同又較對「新政治」的認同來得強烈，而且認同感似乎會隨時間的推移而進一步增強。
Based upon the data of two surveys conducted at different times in Hong Kong, this article analyzes whether post-materialism has gradually emerged there, with a view to examining the applicability of the post-materialist theory to this Chinese society. The study finds that as the post-materialist theory predicts, the continuous social and economic development in Hong Kong has turned more and more people to post-materialism, whereas those with a materialist orientation have decreased. Yet, Hong Kong is still far away from having a paradigm shift in its social value system, since the post-materialists are still much less than the materialists. Besides, two important hypotheses of post-materialism are not supported in the study. First, although the results of bivariate analysis do indicate that the younger generation are more post-materialistic in orientation, this relationship disappears in the multivariate analysis. Second, the class identification of the respondents shows no relationship with the materialist/post-materialist orientations in both bivariate and multivariate analyses, reflecting that the experience of Hong Kong does not conform to the socialization hypothesis of the post-materialist theory. Nevertheless, the study supports the post-materialist argument that the development of post-materialism has a positive effect on people’s identification with the “new politics” and democracy. What is more, the post-materialists in Hong Kong have a stronger indentification with democracy than with the “new politics”, and this democratic indentification also seems to be growing with the passage of time.